There are several different uses for shear connectors, all within the construction industry. These essential but small components are used to attach steel beams, or girders, to a variety of materials.
In many applications, these shear connector studs will be welded onto the metal of the beam or girder and then used to attach concrete slabs. It is also possible to use the same technique with other materials such as concrete blocks, bricks or similar types of material with metal.
The Purpose
The purpose of the shear connector studs is simple to understand. Simply placing one type of material on top of another in a building or on a bridge would result in different forces on the two materials, creating a shear force that would cause the materials to move in relation to each other. The use of the shear connectors stops this movement by bonding or attaching the two different types of materials, or even two similar materials, to each other.
When using two different types of materials connected by the shear studs, another benefit is possible. This is known as a composite action, and it allows both materials to work as one in a structural sense. This composite action means that the combined strength of the two materials is stronger than either material by itself.
Placing Studs
In buildings, decking, bridge construction and other similar types of construction projects, the placement of shear connector studs is important. Studs that are placed too far apart or that are not in the correct number or pattern will not provide the resistance to the shear force or the development of composite action required for building safety.
The placement of the studs is calculated based on the specifics of the project. The number of studs, the specific pattern and the length and diameter of the studs will all be based on a formula or stipulated within specific building codes and regulations.
